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Do all technology types of Long Duration Energy Storage have permitting and construction challenges, or is that a challenge limited to mechanical?

Each long-duration storage technology faces unique permitting and construction challenges. Unlike lithium-ion batteries, mechanical storage technologies have different site footprints, utility needs, and interconnection requirements, and many also depend on specific physical conditions such as elevation (pumped hydro) or geology (compressed air storage). The Company’s goal is to determine which of these technologies can be developed in its service territory and to understand any additional permitting and construction considerations beyond those required for a typical energy project.